Social Wellbeing Among Women Living with Cancer

Women living with cancer are gradually increases in number due to the increase prevalence of breast and cervical cancer worldwide. The social impact of cancer is underappreciated compared to physical and psychological impacts. This study aimed to: 1) compare and analyze the social wellbeing (SWB) between women living with breast and cervical cancer, and 2) determine the best predictor of SWB in both groups. This cross-sectional study involved 58 and 47 women living wih breast and cervical cancer (n=105). Questionnaire of QOL-CS part III was used in data collection. Various statistical tests were used in data analysis (α<0.05). Sufficient SWB was mostly found in both cases. Family stress, work life, home activities, worriness, social support, personal relation, sexuality, social isolation, and financial burden were significantly different between cases (p=0.021, p=0.027, p=0.004, p=0.022, p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.000, and p=0.001 respectively), resulted in significant difference in overall SWB between cases (p=0.000). Home activities were the best predictor of SWB in both cases (R2=0.680 and R2=0.840 respectively) with more influences on cervical cancer (84% of influence). SWB was better in women living with breast cancer

Spiritual Wellbeing in Breast and Cervical Cancer Survivors: Differences in Each Stage of Survivorship

Spiritual needs in cancer survivors are underappreciated compared to physical and psychological needs. This study aimed to: 1) compare and analyze the differences in spiritual wellbeing (SWB) between breast and cervical cancer survivors (BCS and CCS) generally, and between stages of survivorship specifically, and 2) determine the best predictor of SWB in both cases. This cross-sectional study involved 58 BCS and 47 CCS (n=105). Questionnaire of QOL-CS part IV was used in data collection. Various statistical tests were used in data analysis (α<0.05). SWB was significantly different between BCS and CCS (p=0.002), which influenced by significant differences in religious activity, spiritual activity, uncertainty, positive life changes, life goals, and hope (all p<α). In BCS, overall SWB was not significantly different between survivorship stages (p=0.179); but religious activity, life goals, and hope were significantly different (p=0.043, p=0.022, and p=0.036 respectively) which indicate that these three aspects change overtime along with the survivorship stages. While in CCS, SWB and all of its aspects were not significantly different between survivorship stages (all p>α) which indicate that SWB is stable/stagnant across the survival life span in CCS. Spiritual life changes and religious activity are the best predictors of SWB in both cases and were accounted for 70.3% (R2=0.703) and 69.7% (R2=0.697) variance of SWB in BCS and CCS respectively

The Best Predictor of Anxiety, Stress, and Depression Among Institutionalized Elderly

Anxiety, stress, and depression are the three most common negative emotional constructs found in the elderly. Evidences available worldwide about how psychological problem could be resulted in mental disorder, and there is significant difference in the context of living in the nursing home and in community setting. This study aimed to determine the best predictor of anxiety, stress, and depression in elderly living in the nursing home, useful for future modification and intervention development. This cross-sectional study involved 145 elderly in a private nursing home in Surabaya, Indonesia. HARS, SPST-20, and GDS were used in data collection. Linear regression and one way ANOVA tests were used in data analysis (α<0.05). Results showed that mostly in old individuals, mild anxiety and stress, and undepressed state were found. Sensory problems and concentration difficulties were the best predictor of anxiety and stress respectively, which were accounted for 61.2% and 65.6% variances of anxiety and stress in nursing home residents respectively. Spirits, life energy, happiness, and feeling wonderful to be alive could not predict depression significantly. Feeling inferior to others is the best predictor of depression, which was accounted for 25.9% variance of depression in this population. Low self-esteem leads to depression in nursing home residents

Predictors of Post Prandial Glucose Level in Diabetic Elderly

Post prandial glucose (PPG) level describes the speed of glucose absorption after 2 hours of macronutrient consumption. By knowing this, we could get the big picture of insulin regulation function and macronutrient metabolism in our body. In elderly, age-related slower glucose metabolism leads to diabetes mellitus (DM) in older age. This study aimed to analyze the predictors of PPG level in diabetics elderly which consist of functional status, self-care activity, sleep quality, and stress level. Cross-sectional study design was applied in this study. There were 45 diabetic elderly participated by filling in study instruments. Pearson and Spearman Rank correlation test were used in data analysis (α<.05). Results showed that most respondents were female elderly, 60-74 years old, had DM for 1-5 years with no family history, and only 33.33% respondents reported regular consumption of oral anti diabetes (OAD). Hypertension was found to be frequent comorbidity. Statistical analysis results showed that functional status, self-care activity, sleep quality, and stress level were not significantly correlated with PPG level in diabetic elderly (all p>α), therefore these variables could not be PPG level predictors. Other factors may play a more important role in predicting PPG level in diabetic elderly

Comparison of Blood Pressure and Blood Glucose Level Among Elderly with Non-communicable Disease

Due to increasing age, elderly are prone to non-communicable diseases (NCD), such as hypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Easy physical condition monitoring of people with HT and/or DM is by measuring their blood pressure (BP) and/or blood glucose level (BGL) periodically. This study aimed to compare and analyze the differences of BP and BGL among elderly with HT and/or DM in Bangkok and Surabaya. This cross-sectional study involved 100 and 96 elderly with HT and/or DM in communities of Bangkok and Surabaya respectively (n=196). There were three groups of samples which consisted of 60 DM, 68 HT, and 68 DM&HT cases. Instruments used were demography questionnaire, sphygmomanometer, and glucometer. Test of one-way ANOVA, Least Significant Difference (LSD), Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U were used for data analysis (α<.05). There was a significant difference of systolic and diastolic BP found between groups (p=.000 and p=.011 respectively), but no difference found between the groups of HT and DM&HT (p=.657 and p=.330 respectively). There was a significant difference of BGL found between groups (p=.002), but no difference found between the groups of HT and DM (p=.075) and between the groups of DM and DM&HT (p=.066). BP is significantly different between the group of HT and DM in term of systole and diastole, especially in elderly, but BGL is similar. The risk of being HT for elderly with DM is very high. Elderly with DM&HT have high BP and BGL similarly to those with single disease of HT or DM

Nursing Agency untuk Meningkatkan Kepatuhan,Self-Care Agency (SCA) dan Aktivitas Perawatan Diri pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

Pendahuluan: Perawat memiliki peran besar dalam memberi penguatan kepada penderita DM untuk mau dan mampu melaksanakan perawatan diri di rumah demi mencapai kontrol glikemik yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh nursing agency terhadap kepatuhan, SCA dan aktivitas perawatan diri pada penderita DM. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pra-eksperimental dengan pendekatan the one group pretest post-test design. Model perawatan diri Orem digunakan sebagai kerangka teoritis. Populasi adalah seluruh penderita DM di Kelurahan Mojo, Surabaya. Sampel dipilih menggunakan quota sampling, besar sampel minimal 30 orang. Variabel independen adalah nursing agency dalam bentuk kegiatan promosi kesehatan yang diikuti diskusi dan konsultasi; variabel dependen adalah kepatuhan, SCA dan aktivitas perawatan diri. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah handout, SAP dan beberapa kuesioner yang valid dan reliabel. Analisis data menggunakan paired t test dengan α≤0.05. Hasil: Saat pretest, mayoritas responden memiliki kepatuhan yang cukup dan SCA yang tinggi, namun aktivitas perawatan dirinya belum optimal. Setelah diberi intervensi penelitian, mayoritas responden memiliki kepatuhan dan SCA yang tinggi serta aktivitas perawatan diri yang optimal. Nursing agency dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan sebesar 7,8%, SCA sebesar 14,4% dan aktivitas perawatan diri sebesar 12,9%. Nursing agency terbukti mempengaruhi kepatuhan, SCA dan aktivitas perawatan diri pada penderita DM (p=0,000). Pembahasan: Orem berpendapat bahwa yang menjadikan aktivitas perawatan diri individu adalah pengetahuannya. Kesadaran diri adalah faktor yang paling menentukan kualitas hidup penderita DM. Saat perawat mampu memaksimalkan pengetahuan yang dimiliki penderita DM maka kepatuhan, SCA dan aktivitas perawatan dirinya juga akan meningkat. Kesimpulan: Nursing agency dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan, SCA dan aktivitas perawatan diri pada penderita DM

Women Living with Breast and Cervical Cancer in the Community: the Face of Surabaya Nowadays

Background: Cervical cancer and breast cancer are the two top leading cases of female cancer in Indonesia. Being the 2nd largest city in Indonesia, Surabaya is being populated by more than 1.5 million females in 2017. This study aimed to describe the demographic characteristic of women living with cervical and breast cancer in order to show the current picture of female cancer situation in Surabayan communities nowadays. Substantial to it, the correlation between time of first diagnosis and type of therapy with current stage of cancer were analyzed to evaluate the cancer management effectiveness in community context. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved six (9.68%) Public Health Centers (PHCs) among 62 PHCs in Surabaya, Indonesia, which were selected by one stage cluster random sampling. There were 140 and 139 women living with cervical and breast cancer participated in this study respectively (n=279). Self-developed demographic questionnaire was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistic, Spearman Rank correlation test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used in data analysis (α<.05). Results: Overall, most respondents were married (77.06%) and were housewives (59.14%). They were high school graduated at majority (44.44%). Family support came from spouse and children (70.25%). Those with breast cancer mostly aged middle-up adulthood (56.12%), while older aged were found in respondents with cervical cancer (72.86%). The majority had been diagnosed with cancer for less than five years (81.36%), but there was a tendency that the longer life expectancy was found in those with cervical cancer. More cervical cancer respondents with advanced stage were found to be long-term survivors (25%). The first time of diagnosis and the type of therapy were significantly different between cases (p=.039 and p=.000 respectively), but the current stage of cancer was not significantly different (p=.239). There was a quite strong correlation between time of first diagnosis and current stage of cancer (ρ = -.409; p=.000), but there was no significant correlation between type of therapy and current stage of cancer (p=.147). Conclusions: The demographic characteristic of women living with cervical and breast cancer has been slowly shifting from elderly or late adulthood, to middle and early adulthood. The first time of diagnosis and the type of therapy were significantly different between cases, but the current stage of cancer was not significantly different. There was a strong significant correlation between time of first diagnosis and current stage of cancer in cervical and breast cancer

Comparison of Career Decision Difficulties Between Nursing Freshmen and Interns

Career selection is one of the most important decisions an individual makes in his life. High career expectation could result in career decision difficulties. This study aimed to compare and analyze the career decision difficulties between nursing freshmen and interns. This cross-sectional study involved 110 and 66 nursing freshmen and interns respectively (n=176) in two private nursing colleges. Career decision difficulties questionnaire was used in data collection. Descriptive statistic and independent sample t test were used in data analysis (α&lt;.05). Results showed that most respondents experienced moderate difficulties in both groups. Overall, there was no significant difference of career decision difficulty found between groups (p=.057), but indecisiveness, dysfunctional myths, lack of knowledge about the process of career decision making, lack of information, lack of information about occupations, lack of information about ways of obtaining additional information, and internal conflicts were significantly different between groups (all p&lt;α). Career decision difficulties occur similarly both in nursing freshmen and interns

Diabetes Mellitus: Hubungan antara Pengetahuan Sensoris, Kesadaran Diri, Tindakan Perawatan Diri dan Kualitas Hidup (Diabetes Mellitus: Correlation Between Sensory Knowledge, Self-awareness, Self-care Practice And Quality Of Life)

Pendahuluan: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) memiliki banyak manifestasi klinis dan komplikasi yang dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup penderitanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengiden-tifikasi dan menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan sensoris dan kesadaran diri dengan tindakan perawatan diri dan kualitas hidup pada penderita DM. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional yang menggabungkan model perawatan diri dan Precede Proceed Model sebagai kerangka teoritis. Populasi adalah semua penderita DM di wilayah Kelurahan Keputran, besar sampel 32 yang diambil dengan teknik convenient sampling. Variabel independen: pengetahuan sensoris dan kesadaran diri; variable dependen: tindakan perawatan diri dan kualitas hidup. Instrumen: kuesioner pengetahuan sensoris dan kesadaran diri, Self-Care Inventory-Revised Version dan WHOQOL-BREF. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson; α ≤ 0.05; CI 95%. Hasil: 32 responden berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini, proporsi yang sama untuk pria dan wanita (50%); usia rata-rata 54,4 tahun. Mayoritas lulusan SMA, sudah menikah dan masih aktif bekerja. Lama sakit DM rentangnya 1-26 tahun. Sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan sensoris dan kesadaran diri yang cukup, hanya saja tindakan perawatan diri dan kualitas hidupnya belum optimal. Analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan sensoris dan tindakan perawatan diri (p=0,165); antara pengetahuan sensoris dan kualitas hidup (p=0.097); juga antara kesadaran diri dan tindakan perawatan diri (p=0,714). Ada hubungan yang lemah dan signifikan teridentifikasi antara kesadaran diri dan kualitas hidup (r=0.354; p=0.047). Pembahasan: Keberhasilan pengelolaan DM yang menentukan kualitas hidup penderita tergantung pada motivasi dan kesadaran diri penderita untuk melakukan manajemen perawatan diri yang dirancang untuk mengontrol gejala dan menghindari komplikasi. Tindakan perawatan diri tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan sensoris dan kesadaran diri saja, namun ada banyak faktor lain yang tidak diteliti juga mempengaruhi. Kesimpulan: Kesadaran diri terbukti berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup pada penderita DM. Pada variabel yang tidak berhubungan, potensial ada faktor lain yang pengaruhnya lebih kuat